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Market foundations

Build a grounded understanding of market structure, instruments, sessions, settlement and research workflow.

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  1. 1 Issuers, stocks, securities and asset types Issuers, stocks, securities and asset types means examining how issuers, instruments, venues, sessions, prices and benchmarks create market evidence with the identity, period, unit, source and limitations kept visible. It is a disciplined way to describe evidence, not a shortcut to an investment conclusion. 4 min read Beginner
  2. 2 Exchanges, listings, tickers and provider suffixes Exchanges, listings, tickers and provider suffixes means examining how issuers, instruments, venues, sessions, prices and benchmarks create market evidence with the identity, period, unit, source and limitations kept visible. It is a disciplined way to describe evidence, not a shortcut to an investment conclusion. 4 min read Beginner
  3. 3 Primary and secondary markets Primary and secondary markets means examining how issuers, instruments, venues, sessions, prices and benchmarks create market evidence with the identity, period, unit, source and limitations kept visible. It is a disciplined way to describe evidence, not a shortcut to an investment conclusion. 4 min read Beginner
  4. 4 Orders, bid, ask, spread and market depth Orders, bid, ask, spread and market depth means examining how issuers, instruments, venues, sessions, prices and benchmarks create market evidence with the identity, period, unit, source and limitations kept visible. It is a disciplined way to describe evidence, not a shortcut to an investment conclusion. 4 min read Beginner
  5. 5 Price, OHLCV and candle construction Price, OHLCV and candle construction means examining how issuers, instruments, venues, sessions, prices and benchmarks create market evidence with the identity, period, unit, source and limitations kept visible. It is a disciplined way to describe evidence, not a shortcut to an investment conclusion. 4 min read Beginner
  6. 6 Trading sessions, time zones, holidays and settlement Trading sessions, time zones, holidays and settlement means examining how issuers, instruments, venues, sessions, prices and benchmarks create market evidence with the identity, period, unit, source and limitations kept visible. It is a disciplined way to describe evidence, not a shortcut to an investment conclusion. 4 min read Intermediate
  7. 7 Quotes, previous close and percentage change Quotes, previous close and percentage change means examining how issuers, instruments, venues, sessions, prices and benchmarks create market evidence with the identity, period, unit, source and limitations kept visible. It is a disciplined way to describe evidence, not a shortcut to an investment conclusion. 4 min read Beginner
  8. 8 Adjusted versus unadjusted price history Adjusted versus unadjusted price history means examining how issuers, instruments, venues, sessions, prices and benchmarks create market evidence with the identity, period, unit, source and limitations kept visible. It is a disciplined way to describe evidence, not a shortcut to an investment conclusion. 4 min read Intermediate
  9. 9 Indices and benchmark construction Indices and benchmark construction means examining how issuers, instruments, venues, sessions, prices and benchmarks create market evidence with the identity, period, unit, source and limitations kept visible. It is a disciplined way to describe evidence, not a shortcut to an investment conclusion. 4 min read Intermediate
  10. 10 Sectors, breadth and heatmaps Sectors, breadth and heatmaps means examining how issuers, instruments, venues, sessions, prices and benchmarks create market evidence with the identity, period, unit, source and limitations kept visible. It is a disciplined way to describe evidence, not a shortcut to an investment conclusion. 4 min read Intermediate
  11. 11 Movers, activity boards and liquidity filters Movers, activity boards and liquidity filters means examining how issuers, instruments, venues, sessions, prices and benchmarks create market evidence with the identity, period, unit, source and limitations kept visible. It is a disciplined way to describe evidence, not a shortcut to an investment conclusion. 4 min read Intermediate
  12. 12 Native currency, price scale and international identity Native currency, price scale and international identity means examining how issuers, instruments, venues, sessions, prices and benchmarks create market evidence with the identity, period, unit, source and limitations kept visible. It is a disciplined way to describe evidence, not a shortcut to an investment conclusion. 4 min read Advanced