विषय-सूची · 2 / 24
Price bars, timeframes and completed candles
अपडेट 4 अगस्त 2026 · 3 मिनट पढ़ने का समय · 14 विषय-सूची
सरल भाषा में अर्थ
A price bar summarises activity during one stated interval with open, high, low and close values; volume is a separate reported quantity when the source supplies it. The interval and exchange session determine which observations belong together.
Learning objectives #
You should be able to read OHLC, distinguish interval from lookback range, explain why a 14-period setting means 14 bars rather than 14 calendar days, and identify why the newest intraday or daily candle may still be incomplete.
Core concept #
Open is the first eligible price, high and low are the interval extremes, and close is the last eligible price under the provider's session convention. A one-day candle follows the venue calendar; a 15-minute candle follows exchange-local clock boundaries. Range selects how much history is displayed, while interval defines each bar.
Method and conventions #
Before interpreting a study, record interval, session basis and latest completed timestamp. Recursive indicators need earlier warm-up bars beyond the visible decision window. Changing from daily to hourly bars changes both the observations and the clock duration represented by a period setting.
Use it in XMarketRadar #
Use the chart header and source metadata to confirm listing and timezone. Select interval and range, inspect the latest timestamp, and avoid evaluating a candle still receiving updates. If the provider cannot supply an interval, XMarketRadar should show it as unavailable rather than synthesising plausible-looking bars.
Worked example #
A daily candle opens at INR 100, trades as high as 106 and as low as 98, then closes at 104. Its real body spans 100 to 104 and its full range is 8. At midday, however, 106 and 104 may not remain the final high and close; any pattern or indicator based on them is provisional.
How to interpret it #
The same OHLC numbers can carry different meaning on a five-minute, daily or weekly interval because participation and noise differ. A flat close does not mean nothing happened—the high-low range and volume may show substantial activity. Zero volume and unavailable volume are different states.
Limitations and common mistakes #
Do not mix regular-session and extended-hours bars without disclosure, count weekends as trading periods, or assume all providers use identical session boundaries. A chart range that begins too late can leave indicators seed-dominated even when the visible line looks complete.
Market-specific differences #
NSE, BSE, NASDAQ, NYSE, LSE, TSX, TSE and KRX have different local sessions and auction rules. LSE quotes may be expressed in GBp while issuer statements use GBP. Crypto providers may aggregate continuous trading into UTC-defined daily bars.
Key takeaway #
Key takeaway: a period counts bars, and a bar belongs to a declared interval and session. Without those three facts, a technical value is incomplete.
Practice exercise #
Practice: compare RSI(14) on a daily and 15-minute chart. State the clock duration represented by 14 bars in each case and identify which newest bar is complete.
Educational use only #
This chapter is descriptive education. It is not investment advice, a price prediction, a recommendation, a claim of predictive accuracy, or an instruction to buy, sell, rebalance or place an order.